Steam-boiler.



C. W. UROWELL.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION HLBD APR.5.1911.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

C. W. CROWELL.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION ULEB APRA 1913` Patented Nov. 3, 15H4.

3 SHEETS ASHEET 2.

C. W. CROWELL.

STEAM BML-ER.

APPLICATION PILES 5193.5, 19u.

1,115,787. ,zamed Nov. 3, 1914.

. K 3 SHBBTs--SHBBT s. L i i i/ VMM JIQNMW Mw IULM By i UNITED STATESPATENT oFFicE.

CHARLES w. eRoWELL, or sAhIsBURY, NORTH CAROLINA.

- STEAM-Berman.

Specication cf Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

appiieauon sied April 5, 1911. serial no. 619.051.

To ali lwhom 'it may concer/1i.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES lV. CROWELL, a citizen or" the UnitedStates,and a ,resi-` dent of Salisbury', county of Rowan, and

. State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-- Boilers and Appliances, of which the followingis a specication'.'

This invention is ali-improvement in steam boilers, and especially inboilers for use on loco-1notivesand the invention consists in certain.novel constructions and combinations of parts for the purpose ofeconomi-zing in building and repairing boilers, for reduc- -mgthe fuelconsumption and for preventing damage by' fires, as W1ll be hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the drawings which are for the purposes of illustration only Figure 1is a verti# cal longitudinal section of a boiler embodying my invention.Fig. 2 isa front elevation of Athe boiler. Fig. 3 is a cross sectione'n-. larged on about the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,Fig.

vl is a cross section on aboutthe line 4.-1 of Fig. l, Fig. 5 is a rearend elevationpartly in section. Fig. 6 is a detail section enlarged ofthe main-combustion chamber. Figa? 1s a ldetail perspective view of themud frame with seme of the stay rods in connection with the cross barthereof. ig.' 8 isa d etail'ver-y tical longitudinal section enlarged,showing .the means for stayingl the extension-'of the top plate of themain combustion chamber to the flue sheet of the re box. Fig. 9 1s adetail section on about the line .9490i Fig.

1. Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing a somewhat different construction.from that presented in Fig. l. Fig. llis acrosssec-v tion on aboutline. llw-ll of Fig. 1 0. Fig. 12

a detail perspective view of the partition plate shown in Figs. 10; Vand11. Fig.` 13

shows a somewhat different arrangement vpfA the combustion chamber fromthatshown 1n the other figures-ofthe drawings.

'In carrying out the lnventlon, I provide a fire box A having a suitablegrate lB and an ash pan C, and the boileris provided with -flues D, andwith heads D and D2, the head D2 forming the back wall of the smoke'boxD3, and the head D forming the inner end plate of the fire box A. At itsrear end, the boiler is extended upwardly at I)4 above the' level of thebodyT of the boiler and over the.

lire box .ed so that .the ilues Dean extend to the top of the body of.the boiler, the upl ward extension 1D* aordlng a means for the 3. Thelines of the the smoke box '-DS, ducted rearwardly through 4the tlues ofthe 1 .The heads in front and rear of storage of water and steam sothateven the uppermost f iues D can always be covered with Water 1n theuse of the invention. In

vconnection with the flues D, I provide what,

for` convenience of reference, I term the main combustion chamber E, andthe intermediate combustion chamber F, the latter being disposed betweenthe combustion chamber E and the smoke box D3. I

The flues D are and gases from the fire boxorwardly into whence they areconcombustion chamber F. This intermediate combustion 'chamber iscircular in cross section, as shown in Fig. 9, and is divided into threechambers F', 'F2 and F3,'which are separated by-cross plates F4 havingopenings F5, and removable .plates F6 covering the sameVso thatcommunication may be had through a man hole F 7 at the bottom of theintermediate chamber and man holes inthe plates Fj-4f to the differentcompartments of` the intermediate chamberinorder \to repairthefueconnection s,'or for any otherpurpose', as may be desired.

. the intermediate combustion chamber. are `provided surrounding suchkchamber with.v openings '5F8 to permitthe circulation of the boiler jwater, and the said heads are cut away at QF" at opposite sides of themanhole FT, as bestzshown in Fig. 9, to permitA the circli- Alation ofwater below the intermediate combustion chamber and'surrounding the 'tuibular manhole FT for obvious purposes.

4 The main combustion chamber E is cir.

cular/in lcross section, as best shown in arranged in series 1,2 andseries l carry the iiames Fig. 4, and has front and rear heads, the

rear head being braced from the` flue sheet D by' stay rods D, and the Vcylindrical body of the combustion chamber E`being extended rearwardlyat E', as showr ,in Fig. 6 to abut at its rear edge the flue sheetbustion chamber E with a nozzle E7 to spray air within the be understoodfrom thence efo through vE may also be provided, as shown in Figs.

the main combustion chamber in position,

charged in a manner presentlydescribed.

provide for extracting practically 'all the heat energy from the flamesand gases and l, also seek to' cause combustion of the unfering with thebracing of the main com- I consumed gases and solid particles accom#bustion chamber from the said flue sheet panying the same after theyhave left the D, as will be understood from Figs. 1, 6, re boxv A, bymeans of the combustion and S of the drawings. The rear extensionchamber arranged and operating'as before described. In the smoke box D3and in front and rear of the exhaust nozzle 5, I provide adjusta-blecross plates 6 and 7, which may be raised vand lowered controlling thedraft, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

It will be noticed that the intermediate combustion chamber is stayedfrom adjacent portions of the boiler by stay rods H, H, H2, and H3, asbest shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

As more fully described hereinafter, the head D is circular incorrespondence with 4the circular form of theplire box .A and the head Dis in registry with the intermediate combustion chamber F and is of thesame size as said combustion chamber so that the iues leading from 'thehead D conimimicate properly chamber and the said flue sheet to the top,this being rendered practicable as Abefore described by raising the topshell of the boiler high enou h to form the water and steam space at 4as before referred to. It will be noticed that the main combustionchamber E is also a circle in cross section, but is of less diameterthan the intermediate combustion chamber as only the lower and centralflues communicate with the main combustion chamber as before described.This circular form. of combustion chambers provides a construction ofgreat strength. By my construction I am also able to make the smoke boxat the front of the boilershorter than those ordinarily used.

The intermediate combustion chamber is found especially useful when itisdesired t0 make a locomotive of extra length as is sometimes the `casein boilers designed for furnishing steam for two engines or for a doubleengine, as the intermediate combustion chamber relieves theexcessivelength of flues incident to a construction wherein thefluesextend continuously between the end sheets of the boiler. Anydesired number of these intermediate combustion chambers maybe employed.It will be understood D the rear edge of the extension E being i notchedat E2, as best shown'in Fig. 6, to l permit circulation of water withoutinter- 1 and 8, on its inner side, withlugs or brackets E3 connected bystays E-x with the flue sheet D', in order to steady and brace alsotostrengthen thel flue sheet of the fire box in its weakest partinsuring itgnot to warp or buckle. The rear head 'of this comhas staybolts connecting to the Hue sheet D also for the same purpose. This maincombustion chamber has a downwardly extending tube which opens at thelower 4side of the tubular casing E6, and the .upper end of thel tube E5is formed at the lower side of the chamber combustion chamber E when thevalve ES is opened, the-said valve being controlled from the flocomotivecab by means of a bell crank lever E9 connetced with the valve E8 and arod E10 extending to the cab, as will Fig. 1 of the drawings. By thisconstruction, air may be'admitted in any desired quantity to the maincombustion chamber, and may be distributed therein by means of thenozzle to the air in feed tubeF, as before explained.

The main combustion chamber E is provided with a partition partiallydividing it into upper ,and lower sections, and this partition tube G ispreferably provided with an adjustable section G', which may be setforward or back to vary the opening between the upper and lower sectionsof the chamber E in such manner as -to regulate the draft. andthoroughly mix the gases with air from air tube before it has chance toreturn into. middle series of fines. This adjustable section may be setin buildin-g the boiler, or from time to time, as may be necessary.

In the operation of the described features of my invention, it will benoticed that the products of combustion pass from the ire box Aforwardly through the tubes of the series 1, through the 'upper sectionvF of the intermediate combustion chamber, thence into the smoke box D3,thence-back through the lower series 2 of lues into thel section F3 ofthe chamber F, thence back also thatprovision lmay be made for admitintothe lower section -ofthe chamber E, ting. airto the intermediatecombustion forwardly.. through the flues of the chamber, series 3` intothe section Fg'of the interme-i -diate combustion chamber, thenceforwardly lthe lilues i'nto the smoke chamber and stack, whence theproducts will b e dis,-

flues fill the front as air is admitted to the main combustion chamberE.In the production of this intermediate combustion chamber, theVpartition -platesv with their openings and the plates for closing theopenings in the partition plates should be made in sections sufficientlyIn this construction. it willbe noticedl I and utilized vto aid 1n vwith the intermediate combustionsubstantially in the same manner iemployed upon locomotive boilers..V As shown,

ici

`dotted lines'in Fig. 1, the

pipes M4 are in the position to receive sparks delivered at the sides ofany ofthe' spark arrester comprises what, for convenience of reference,I term a front chamber M, an intermediate chamber M', an out let chamberM2 leading to thestack M3 and spark or einde-r pipes wardly from thechamber M and communi- -cating'with the said chamber at or near the rearend thereof, as will be understood from Fig. 1 of the drawings. Asindicated inor cind'ers p the chambers M, M or'the stack M3. The frontend of the chamber M rounds up toward its uppe-r side and-immediatelyabove the said chamber M an air inlet opening M6 is provided leading toa passage M7 which .gradually tapers toward its rear end and-dischargesair at such end into the chamber Ms leading to the`stackM3,`a damper M9being provided to permitthe regulation of such air'from the cab ofhelocomotive. The inlet opening M(s is'intended rte increasethe M'Lbeing'controlled by draft' out of the stack. lThe chamber M 'receivesthe smo-ke, etc., `at M11 from the chamber M and an adjustable plateMlnia-y bc set'to regulate the opening betweenthe i chambers M and M anda similar plate M1s may be provided to control the .communica tionbetween the chambers M and' M8, a relief pipe M10 leading from the rearend of the .chamber M forwardly to the chamber -M2 to relieve pressureat the back 'end of the chamber M when necessary and this reliefV pipeM1" is controlled by a valvev or damper M14 which may be operated fromthe cab of the locomotive or may be held in any` suitable position bythe aid of the rack M15, as willbe understood from Fig. l of the draw-lings.

In the operation of this spark arrester,

it will be noticed that the 'sparks from the stack' fl of thev smokebo-x will be delivered into the chamber M thence into the chamber M andthence into the chamber M8 on the wayfto the outlet stack M3, anycindcrs or sparks settling at the sides of any chambers M, M or M2passing down to the cinder pipes M4 and thence to the ash pan, the pipesdampers M16 from the cab as will be understood from. the drawings.`These damper-shi10 in the spark pipes are also for the purpose' ofregulating the draft into the pan from the spark arrester.

In the use of the described construction, it

' will be understood, wood, coal or other forms of fuel may be employed.

The large vwater space on each side of the yfire box 'affords a meansfor preventingthe -boiler from becoming chilled when water is put intoit. That is to say, the large volume of yhot water contained in M4leading down-A spark o-r cinder i ucts of combustion. the water spacesjust mentionedI maybe mixed with a consld- 4erable quantity of Coldwaterand'still remain ata fairly high temperature,

so that the lire box is not liable to crack as is sometimes the casewhere narrow water legs are used.. Myfue box, owing to its curvaturevupwardly and outwardly from theA grates, has a tendency` to preventcold air from striking the fire box from below, and on this accountprevents the fire box from buckling, cracking or leaking at the staybelt as is too conmonly the case with boilers heretofore use Practicallyspeaking, I combine a spark arrester and spark extinguisher by return-Ving the exhaust back from stack 4 toward the reariuto another chamber,then-forward and back through last chamber to stack M3. I h old and mixthe exhaust and sparks together in such a way they are extinguishedshould any of them go out of the Stack, avoiding setting out fires onthe right of way.

I aiford ample ventilation to my spark arrester, avoiding a backpressure in stack e or any of the ch mbers by means of largey pipes madein convenient shape on each side, allowing cinders and gases or sub-.stances to enter ash pan below grates having a cha-nce to burn anyunconsumed gases which draft is-contro/lled through same by danipers.Also, in second and third cham bers I have 'vents controlled by dampersfor increasing draft in last chamber, and relieving pressure in secondchamber.

The chambers ofthe spark arrester, M, M1, M2, are ofconsiderable.volume,'being bounded on the lower side by the curved sur-Aface of the boiler, extending around on each side as low as desired forarea and convenient Iregulation of sparks, and draft. The curvature ofthe front chamber M is' of advantage in directing 'backward the fla-mes,unburned gases and unconsumed particles of smoke, this purpose beingfacilitated also by the means elsewhere described for regulating thedraft. Any combustible matter carried into the ash pan by the draft isreturned to the lire and given another chance to burn. Again, the sparksand the exhaust steam are so mixed as to extinguish the sparks or renderthem harmless before they reach the open air. In this event the ash panacts asa spark arrester.

My. apparatusas a whole presents a large area and exercises aconsiderable control over the exhaust and draft, and'tends to avoid backpressure. A

It will be noticed that my invention' com* prises a combustion chamberarranged at a suitable point between the ends of the. boiler and incommunication with the heatingflues' thereof-and partitioned to dividethe prod- This is effected in the construction shown in Fig. 1 by theplates llll G andG in the chamber E and the vtrans- .13

verse plates Vinthe chamber l." and this con struction may be preferredin the manufacture of new boilers.

The `construction shown in Figs. '10, l1 and l2 may be preferred in and`reconstruction'of. old boilers. In this construction the combustionchamber con- -nects at its rear end with all of the heating flues A IOfso'thatl all of lthe flues at the rear of the boiler' discharge attheir .forward ends into `the rear end o-f the chamber O. Manifestly.this construction shown in Fig. may be employedwith any desired form ofiir'e box. -Within the chamber O is provided a parti- 'tion Q. which maybe made of sheet metal or fire brick shown in detailin Fig. l2 and `Fig.13 inclining upwardly from its lower Y to its upper end and preferablyrounded from 'sideto side as best shownin Fig. l2 so that' the productsof combustion dis- -chargedby-the rear lines P to the rearend of thechamber Owill be discharged from the front end of said chamber O at theupflues U from which they are discharged into 'the smoke'chamber andthen into the stack.

subject to the action of the exhaust as will be understood fi'om Fig.10. Manife'stly the .partition plates Q may be ofany shape to suit.y themanner in which the lines are divided. As will' be understood froniFig.10, this combustion chamber O maybe used without any chamber such. asthe chamber E shown in Figi and it will'operate tocontrol-and direct theproducts of combustion in'the'manner desired.V In the operation of Vthisconstruction shown in Fig. 10, the flames from all the flues in 'rearofthe cham* ber'O discharge intosaid chamber and passthence through theupper series of fines R. and thence back through'the. iues S in the 5.0llower end of the chamber 0 and thence forr ward through theyintermediate ilues O yto 'the smoke chamber in smoke boX, thence to thestack. At 'the lower end of the chamber M O I provide means at V Atopei-'init the in- ,troduction'iof air and for regulating theintroduction of such air, the-said'means 'be-v iingA substantially thesame as the air introi ducing devices shown itt-E5 in Fig. 1. y

A. man hole may be provided on the front and y10.

`Within the smoke box at 'the front of' the-boiler, I arrange at'thebase'of the stack V Land in communication therewith and with y 4the'center series of iues what,' for conthe repairing central 'series of'lue's and direct the same P of the series in rear of the chamberv perportion thereof, the products-*thus col' .lecting in the' upper seriesof iues R andv side of the chamber. as shown in lFigs..` l`

venienc'e of reference, I terma smoke chamber which, as best shownfinFig.' 3, widens outwardly at its lower. end in suolil -manner as toreceive the products received from the to the stack 4. This smokechamber is arranged ,inside of the main smoke boX and receivesthedischarge from the nozzle and from thel center iues,' and empties itscontents into the stackl. The smoke chamber is for the purposeofreceiring the draft and products of combustion from the centerse-A-ries of fines. -Manifest-ly this smoke chamber at the base of the stacki may be made in any desirable shape to serve, its purpose and may beextended straight across the smoke box, straight or setting level underthe stack 4, Stra-ight 'across to sides, connecting-to nozzle onbottoniside as shown, br' curving .around to each side and passing to thesides'of the smoke boX in any circle as may be desired,l with a manholein front as-sliown in Figs. 1 and l0' for entering said chamber for anypurpose, with adjust- A able4 sheets or platesat the bottom' of saidchamber, see Fig. 1,-.for the purpose of regul-ating the draft in the-main smoke box in front and behind the nozzle, and the partition sheetsinside the combustion cham' ber to be made in accordance with'the shapeof this chamber thatconnects to the up riOjht stack Je for receivingdraft through cen'ter'series of lines. l This smoke chamber at the baseof the stack #i and resting upon 1 the nozzle is' also utilized@ in theconstruction shownin Fig. l0. 'for receiving the vexhaust. from thenozzle at the bottoni and the llames or products of combustion throughthe middle series, of the lines. .This middle series, as shown v'in Fig.l0, may'be spaced off right straight through the center ofthe boilervfrom one side to 'the other or arranged in any other convenient form. Itwill be noted 'that the. main smoke box rests upon the nozzle, and uponthe top side is connected to the stack. be restricted, however, to anyspecial shape for the smokechainber, as it may be shaped 'to suit thearrangement of the fines, divided in three series with the 'cent-ralseriesdisf charging into it. It'will also be noted that the'smokechamber is bolted to the Hangeof the nozzle with hole cut out for the.exhaust to pass through and extending from the flue sheet out in frontof the nozzle with" adjustable sheets or plates on its bottom in frontand behind the nozzle.

. The top sheet of the 'smoke' chamber extends from the flue sheet overthe centra-l series .ofv flues.l forward above the nozzle with hole cutout directly over the center 1of the nozzle for the upright"` stack 4 tobe riveted to, this 'stacks-being intended to carry away the productsdischarged into the smoke chamber. .On the vfront side of I do not wishto.'

size of this chamber depends on the way the central or middle section orseries of flues are divided off `lfrom the upper and lower series forconvenience and' yfor the purpose of receiving the draft or contentsfrom the fire. box or combustion chamber 'through the central series offlues.

2. A steam In Fig. 13 I show a combustion chamber disposed in the iirebox and this construction may beused when desired, and when used thecombustion chamber may be made of any suitable fire brick or similarmaterial.

I claim: l.

1. A steam boiler having heating tlues arranged in three series, with anupper series conducting the products of combustionpforwardly from the rebox, a lowerpseries returning the said products and an intermediateseries receiving the products from the lower series and conducting thesame forwardly between the upper and lower series toa delivery point,substantially as set forth. boiler having heating flues and a combustionchamber and having its heating .flues divided into upper, lower andintermediate series, a smoke box in advance of the boiler` andlreceiving' the products discharged bythe upper series offlues anddeliveringthe same to the lower series of tlues with the latterdischarging into the combustion chamber and the intermediate fluesextending forwardly from the combustion chamber, a smoke chamber t0which the intermediate flues discharge, an exhaust nozzle discharginginto such chamber and a stack leadingfrom the chamber, 'substantially asset forth.

3. A steam boiler havingheating llines ,and

acombustion chamber divided into three 'dif-V ferent sections, with eachsection coinmunif eating witha series of the flues, the said combustionchamber having anopening and having its partitions provided withopenings and with closures therefor, with the partitions and theclosures so formed as to permit their insertionor withdrawal through theopen- 'ing leading tothe combustion chamber, substantially .as setforth.

4. A steam boiler having heating flues and a main combustion chamber and'an intermediate combustion chamber located within the boiler, theheating fluesof the boiler being divided into three series, an upper,

lower and intermediate series, with the lower andinter'mediate seriescommunicat-'- i-ng with'the main combustion chamber and the upper, lowerand intermediate series this chamber for lcommunicating with theintermediate com@ bustion chamber, .the latter being divided intosections corresponding with the several series of flues, substantiallvas set forth.

5. In a boiler the coinbinationof a boiler shell, a plurality of groupsof fines within said shell and receiving 4the llames and gases yinsuccession, liue sheets spaced apart to form a combustion chamber andthe lues ext-- tending in opposite directions from said sheets, and`partitions dividing said chain ber into separate passages that communicate with the opposite lines in said flue sheets forthe passage offlames and gases in traveling through the lues in succession.

6. In a boiler the combination of a boileix shell containing a smokebox, a chamber within the smoke box, and having a discharge outlet',groups of liues in communication with the interior of the smoke box, butnot with said chamber, respectively leading to the chamber and leadingfrom the chain ber and tlues communicating with said chamber with whichthe llues leading from -the smoke box communicate.

7. In a boiler the combination of a conibustion chamber within theboiler formed of a cylindrical shell, a line. sheet and rear head, alire box flue sheet, said head being stayed to said tire box :tlue sheetand spaced therefrom, and the cylindrical.' shell being extended beyondsaid head to the flue sheet of the fire box with cut away portions forAthe circulation of water between lthe head and the fire box iiue sheet,a draft plate projecting from the combustion chamber flue sheet andhaving an adjustable member to regulate the draft, and groups of fluesconnected with the combustion chamber 'line sheet and opening into thelatter respectively above and below said draft plate.

8. Ina boiler the combination of" a boiler shell and a combustionchamber consisiingY of a cylindrical shell and front and rear fluesheets, said shell having a tlangewat each end, the flanges beingriveted to the front and rear liuc sheets, respectively, said shellbeing of less daimetei tha ntlie boiler shell and spaced therefrom, andthefront and rear flue sheets extending beyond theI cvlindrical shelllandto the boiler shelly and having flanges riveted to the` boiler shell.

9. In a boiler the combination of three groups of liues receiving thellames and gases in succession, said groups being arranged as upper,lower and intermediate, a smoke box, a stack, an exhaust nozzle, and achamber within the smoke box in'communication with the exhaust nozzleand with s'aid -and intermediate groups, a Vsmoke box into groupcommunicate.v afchamliier wit-hin said at their inlet lends, and anoutlet from said. 4smoke box chamber in communication with smoke box,'an exhaust nozzle communicating with `said chamber, a combustion-chain'-ber secured to said lire box and communicating with the lower group ofiues at their 'discharge ends and with the intermediate group of fluesvat their inlet ends, and an outlet, from said.- smoke box chamber inlcommunication with the discharge ends of the intermediate group offlues. e

11. In a boiler the combination -of a fire box, heating fluesarraiiged'in upper, lower and intermediate groups, a sino-ke box intowhich the flues of the upper yfrroup vdischarge, and ywith whichl theinlet ends of @the lower gro-up communicate, a chamber within said smokebox, an exhaust nozzle communica-ting with said chamber, a combustionchamber circular in cross sect-ion and communicating with the lowergroup of flues at their discharge ends and withv the intermediate groupof fines the discharge end `of the.' intermediate group of flues.

'12'. In a boiler the combination of a. lire box, rear and frontchambers, agroup of fines leading from the lire box to the fori .wardchamber in 'the upper part of the boiler, a group of fines leading 4fromthe forward chamber to the rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler,and an inter-V mediate group of iiues leading from the, upper part ofthe rear chamber forward to v the discharge.

13. In a boiler the combination of afire box, rear vand front chambers,a 'group of flues leading from the lire box to the for-v ward chamber inthe upper part of fthe boiler, a group of flues leading from the forwardchamber tothe rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler,anintermedi-ate group o-f fines leading from the upper part' of the rearchamber forward to the discharge, and a combustion chamber inter-`mediate said forward and'rear chambers and communicating with all ofsaid lines. il. In a boiler the combinationof a fire box, rear and frontchambers, 'a group ofv fines leading fi'om the fire box'to the for? wardchamber in the upper part of the boiler, a. group of fines leading fromthe.

forward chamber to the .rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler.gan intermedifl ate group of iues leading fromthe upper part-of therear'ch'amber forward to the discharge, and a combustion chamber inter-l'mediate said forward 'and 'rear chambers and communicating With-all ofsaid fines, .andcoirnprisn-ig. ai `plurality .ofV independentcompartments. l

boiler, agroup of lues leading from the for- -ilues leading from thei'ire box to the forf ward chamber in the kupper part of the wardchamber to the rear chamber i-n the lower part of the boiler, anintermediate group of flues'leading from the upper part of' the rear.chamber .forward to 'the' discharge, a boiler shell, a manhole tubeleading from the boiler shell to said rear cham- .'ber, anfair feedingtube extending through the man-hole cover and nian-hole tube, and meansfor regulating the suppl;vv of air to said rear chamber.

16. In a boiler the combination of heating -liuesv arranged in upper,lower and intermediate groups, a smoke-box having an in,-` ner chamber,a stack leading from an opening in the top of said chamber through anopening in the top of the lsmoke box. an exhaust nozzle leading to anYopening in the bottom of said chamber and delivering its discharge tothe lower end of saidA stack,- and a combustion chamber thaiis incoii'iniunication with the inlet ends of the intermediate group offlues, the outlet, ends of said group being in communicationl with'tlieinternal chamber of the smoke box, and said smoke box being. incommunication with the outlet ends ofthe upper group offlues a-nd theinlet ends Vof the lower group of lines,

,and the outlet end of the lower group lof flues benigni communicationwithsa-id com'- bustion. chamber. A 100 l?. In boiler theioombina'tion'oflieating dues-arranged in groups, oneabove another, a smoke box havingan interior chamiber, the back wallof the smoke box being af flue sheetfor said heating'fines,v the upper 105 and lower groups of flues openinginto the -smoke box outside of said inner chamber,

and the innerv group of flues opening intoA said chamber, a stackextending upward vfrom the inner chamber and opening through 1 10 thetop of the smoke hofman exhaust nozzlepassing fromk an opening in thebottom of the smoke box to an opening in the bottom wall of the innerchamber, and adjustable plates extending into the Vsmoke box from thebottoni wall o f the innerchamber. v v

18. .In a boiler the combination of heating fines arranged in upper,lower, and intermediategroups, a smokeb'ox having'an in. ner chamber,a'stack leading-fronian open- 120 ing in the top of said chamberIthrough `an opening in-tlietopof the smoke box, an ex. haust nozzleleading to an .openinginfthe bottom vof said chamber and deliveringitsdischarge to the lower end of's'aidstack, and l'.1-25 a combustion'chamber-that isl inv communica# tion with the inlet en'ds of theintermediate groups of fines, the outlet, ends of said group being incommunication with the internal chamber of the `smoke box, and saidsmoke 30 fio box in `'communication with the outlet endsof-t e uppergroup of Hues and the in' v letfends of, thelower group of Hues, and.the .putlet endof he lower group of Hues being 1ncommunication withsaid combustionehamber, anda man-hole in the front wall of the innerchamber. y 4v1.9; In a boiler the combination of-a fire box having itsfront Wall formed of a Hue sheet, heating Hues arranged in groups oneabove another, the Hues of one of said groups passing through saidHuesheet, draft regulating plates, a combustion chamber formed of acylindrical shell that at one end bears. against said Hue sheet, a Huesheet at the front end of said cylindrical shell, and

a head at the rear end spaced Vfrom the fire lbox Hue sheet, said shellhaving circulation openings intothe space between the Hre box Hue sheetand said hea-d, the portion of the shell extending from the head to thefire box Huev sheet forming a brace for the .Hre box Hue sheet, staybolts connecting said head and the fire boxv Hue sheet, the Hues of ,thelower and intermediate groups.` opening through said combustion chamberHue sheet, means for directing Hanies and gases from the .upper group ofheating Hues to the lower group, and means for the discharge of lflamesand gases from the inner group of Hues.

. 20. In a boiler the combination of a Hre .box having its front wallformed of .a Hue sheet, heating Hues arranged in groups one aboveanother, the Hues of one of said groups passing through said Hue sheet,a combustion chamber .formed of a cylindrical shell that at one endbears against said Hue sheet, a Hue sheet at the front end of saidcylindrical shell, and a head at the rear end Ispaced from the fireboxHue sheet, said shell having circulation openings into the spacebetween the Hre box Hue sheet and said head,

the portion of the shell extending from the head'tothe fire box Huesheetv forming a -brace for the Hre box Hue sheet, stay bolts connectingsaid head and the fire box Hue sheet, the Hues of the lower andintermediate groups openingthrough said combus- 'tion chamber Hue sheet,draft regulating plates mounted on the combustion chamber .Hue sheetbetween the lower'and intermediate groups of Hues,

means for directing flames and gases from the upper group of heatingvHues to the lower group, and -means for lthe discharge of Hames andgases from the inner group of Hues.

'2L In a Iboiler the combination of a Hre box,`a smoke box, a chamberwithin the same three groups of heating Hues, one of which groupsextends from the lire box to the smoke box, a. combustion chambercommunicating with the smoke box through another group'of Hues, thethird group of Hues extending from the combustion c amber to the.

inner chamber of the smoke box, and a stack communicating with theinterior of said inner chamber, a space being left vbetween the front:of the inner .box and the front' wall of the smoke .boxfor the xpassageof Haines and gases from the group of Hues.- `leading from the Hre boxto the group of Hues leading to the combustion chamber.

22. In a boiler the combination of a smoke box, one wall of which is aHue sheet, heating Hues arranged in a plurality of groups,

ing Hues arranged in a `plurality of groups,

one above another,'.said smoke box having an inner chamber, a stackleading from said inner chamber, an exhaust nozzle leading into saidinner-chamber, means connecting the cuter Wall of said inner chamberwith said Hue sheet, the Hues of certainof said groups communicatingwith the smoke box outside of said inner chamber, and the Hues ofanother group interior of` said chamber, and adjustable draft platessecured to the outside wall'of said inner chamber.

24. In a boiler the 'fcombination of a combustion chamber having" a-wallformed by a Hue sheet, groups of heating Hues secured to said sheet, andan adlustable draft plate bustion chamber. to control the passage fromone group of Hues to another group of Hues. 25. In a boilerthecombination of a. front Hue sheet, a rear V'Hue sheet, a combustion.

communicating with the ..105 extending from said Hue sheet into thecoin-w chamber having a 'wall formed of a fluev sheet, a group ofHuesestablishing communication between the spaces outside ofthe frontandrear Hue sheets, a group of Hues establishing communication betweenthe outside of -thefront Hue sheet- `and the interior of the combustionchamber, and a group of Hues establishing communication between saidcombustion vchamber and a point of discharge in advance of said frontHue sheet.v

26. In a'boiler the combination of a front Hue sheet, a rear Hue sheet,accombustion chamber having a wall formed of a. Hue

sheet, a groupV of Hues establishing communication 'between the spacesoutside of the front and rear Hue sheets, a group of Hues establishingcommunication between the. outsideof the front Hue sheet and theinterior of the combustion chamber, a group of ues establishingcommunication between said combustion chamber and a point of dischargein advance'of said-front flue sheet, and means forsupplyiug air fromoutside the boiler to said combustion chamber.

27. In a boil-er the coinbinationof a shell, a combustion chamber withinthe shell, a tapering tube passing through an opening in the shellandleadingto thel interior of the combustionchamber, the smaller end vofsaid tube being inward and having an outturned flange in contact withthe outer wall of `the combustion chamber, and a flange around theopening in the shell through which the tube passes and to which thelarger end of the tubeis secured,said tube being removable bodilythrough the shell' opening.

28.- In a boiler the combination of vanl outer shell consisting of afront cylindrical section, a rear substantially cylindrical section, anda frusto-'conical intermediate section, a. ire box that. is arc-shapedin cross section andis within the rear section of the boiler shell, thetop side of the lire box ber ing substantially -in line with thet'opside of the front cylindrical section of the boiler shell, a flue sheetin the forward end of said cylindrical section, a rear flue sheet in`the forward end of the fire box, and heating lines connected with saidflue sheets in the upper parts thereof, the rear boiler sectionbeinglarger than the inclosed lire box so as to provide water and steamspace abovethe lire box.

29.V In a boiler thecombination of a shell composed ofa cylindricalsection, a frusto conical section and an arc-shaped section, thecylindrical section being atthe front of the boiler and the arc-shapevsection at the rear, the diameterf the arc-shape'sectioii being greaterthan that of thev cylindrical section, -and the small and'large' ends ofthe frusto-conical section being "respectively connected with thecylindrical front section and therear arc-shape section, al flue sheet,-

in the forward end of the front section, a rear iue sheet, luesconnected `with .said sheets, a fire box shell arc-shape in crosssection whose front end is formed by said -rear luesheet, the top ofsaid fire box shell b'ef ing substantially in line with the top ofthefront cylindrical section, .and afmudframe that forms with the arc-shapeboiler section the rear portion of the boiler shell, the

front portion of the mud fraine'beingcurved.

downward andextending across to each side ofthe' arc-shape shellsection.

30. In a boiler the combination' of a shell that comprises afrusto-conical section and i an arc-shape'-section, afmudaframethaftextends alongthefa'rc extremities of'the arc shape, sectionand extendsbetween said ex'- 4 mud frame,`

tremities at the forward endand is curved downward on a radius the sameas that of the larc shape section to form a complete circular shape,vand a connection between the frus-to-conical section and the arc shapesection-and the mud frame.

31.-.In a boiler the combination of a shell that comprises -afrusto-'conical section, an

arc shape section, and a cylindrical ,section that forms the front oftheboiler shelland is of 4less diameter than the arc-shape -section, a mudframe that extends alongthe arc-extremities of thearc shape section toforma complete circularshape, and a: connection between. thefrusto-conical section and the arc shape section and the mud frame.'

32. In a boiler the combination of a shell that comprises afrusto-conical section and 'an'arc-shapesection, a mud frame that 1sapproximately U-shape and extends along the are extremities of the-arcsha-pe section a curve at its front end between the side ex trenities ofsaid shell section, anda shell section thatis circularin crosssectionand s secured to the arc 'Shape shell section and said `mud frame.

34. In aboiler the combination of a'sub-l stantially arc shape fire boxshell, 'a Hue sheet in its forward end, a substantially arc shape shellextending. over andl at each'side of thelire box shell, a nludframeextending between the shells at the-bottom of the sides of theouter shell an'd extending across under the line sheet of. the fire box,acylin- -drical shell forming the front portion of the lboiler shell,'and of less. diameter than the shell extending about. the fire box, aflue sheet secured in said cylindrical shell, a frusto-conical shellsecured at its small end to said cylindrical shell and at its largeend-to the arc shape'tire box inclosingshell, said large end extending overand at each side of the ire'box :and to the ymud frame, the

-lower side of 'said frusto-conicalshell being carriedy downward andrearward from said cylindricalshell and connected with said CHARLE'S 'W.CROVVELL.` Witnesses:

PERRY B. TURPIN',

